Revista Teinnova

Diseño y construcción de un banco didáctico para prácticas de alineación, balanceo de ejes de máquinas rotativas

Alejandro Ozaeta Eidelman — 2024-04-30

This work presents the design and construction of a didactic bench for shaft alignment and balancing practices in rotating machines, with the purpose of reinforcing and complementing the theoretical and practical knowledge of the apprentices in mechanical and electromechanical industrial maintenance technology training at SENA CDITI in Dosquebradas. The different methods of machine shaft alignment and rotor balancing methods are specified. The methodological process for the development of the concept and the manufacturing process of the mechanical components of the systems is detailed, both for the alignment practices and for the balancing in the maintenance workshop. The didactic bench was designed with SOLIDWORKS software and the manufacturing was carried out by apprentices of industrial mechanical maintenance, industrial electromechanical maintenance and development of mechanical components for manufacturing on CNC machines.

Comunidades energéticas, estrategia para la transición energética en Colombia

Henry Vanegas Mejía — 2024-04-30

This article incites the academic, scientific and service provision community to reflect on the opportunities that Colombia currently has with the latent option of establishing “energy communities”, one of the starting points for the energy transition.

From this approach, the energy transition would be seen as a territorial construction and/or vision, of competencies and very particular, about the path to be followed by an energy community to become environmentally fair. An inclusive transition, which creates opportunities, which maximizes benefits and optimizes costs, which assumes challenges for the preservation and conservation of the environment (cultural, natural and social environment) and which manages its own development.

Colombia and the world have moved forward with the formulation of some policies and provision of financing to give rise to the energy transition. Specifically, at a global level there are already some energy communities in operation and they are about to be formed in the country. In this regard, the relevant regulation is being advanced by the current Government and some local initiatives to be finalized.

On the other hand, it is appropriate for the electricity sector to heed the call for attention, not only to have initiatives for the formation of energy communities, but to face the challenge of determining the technologies that ensure environmental justice for those same communities. Finally, some needs are stated to directly address a success model for an energy community and the opportunities that exist in Colombia to take advantage of related to the capabilities that the territory offers.

Palabras claves: Comunidad energética, transición energética, justicia ambiental, justicia tarifaria.

Valoración económica de los servicios ecosistémicos producto de compensaciones ambientales voluntarias por empresas del departamento del Quindío, Colombia

Luz Deisy Garcés Upegui — 2024-04-30

The research promotes environmental conservation scenarios through a sustainable platform, with the purpose of economically valuing the Ecosystem Services (ES) resulting from voluntary environmental compensations through the implementation of Landscape Management Tools (HMP), contributing to decision making related to the allocation and prevention of anthropic impacts. The study contemplates the definition of variables, elaboration of tools, matrices and analysis of results through software. The most important ES are water supply, water regulation and connectivity of forest patches; with respect to the perception of social impacts, gender equity, the application of ancestral or traditional practices and the importance of conserving biodiversity in the properties under study are highlighted; finally, an economic valuation is established through the methods of contingent valuation and prevention, reforestation and replacement costs.

Sistema de monitoreo de variables esenciales en una colmena de Abejas Melíferas

Luis Hernando Ríos Gonzáles — 2024-04-30

At present, the process of collecting honey and its derivatives is carried out in an empirical way, based on the experiences acquired and transferred from generation to generation. The hives and their population develop in an unsupervised way, causing in many situations not knowing the state of the apiary, this means the behavior of some essential variables, which allow the normal development of the production. Such information includes the temperature, the concentration of carbon dioxide, the number of bees that daily inhabit the hive, the specific weight and its variation as an indicator of the honey produced and also the one consumed by the inhabitants of the hive to maintain the temperature of this; Another important factor to take into account is the security of the hive, that is, not to allow the opening of this for the theft of honey or the transfer from one place to another. All this information, of great importance for the producer, can be available in an online application on a mobile device or in a datalogic for later analysis and management. This article shows the implementation of a low-cost system that monitors bee health and production, while maintaining autonomous and functional monitoring accessible to beekeepers. The system allows online monitoring of variables such as temperature, humidity, indoor and outdoor CO2 concentration, and weight. The measurement data of these variables are sent via SMS when the beekeeper requires it or when the hive is in danger. The autonomy of operation of the prototype is achieved through the implementation of solar panels and their corresponding adaptation.

Análisis de abonos orgánicos y químicos

Flor Alba Albarracin Caro — 2024-04-30

Los abonos son una parte indispensable en los cultivos, en la floricultura y en los jardines de pequeñas viviendas. En Sopó Cundinamarca la comunidad de ella ve la viabilidad de elaborar sus propios abonos orgánicos a partir de desperdicios de la comida y estiércol de vaca; para esto se darán a conocer los beneficios que pueden obtenerse como es una producción sana para los agricultores y un agente menos contaminante al reducir los componentes que tienen los abonos químicos. Según los estudios realizados la tierra cuenta de nutrientes como son el calcio, el fósforo y el potasio que los podemos encontrar en desperdicios como son la cáscara de huevo, el plátano y los desperdicios de pelar algunos productos como son la papa y cáscaras de arveja y otros. La importancia que nos muestra el abono orgánico frente al inorgánico se puede evidenciar en la mejora del producto y el desarrollo de las plantas, trayendo consigo misma la economía para los agricultores a gran escala.

Para el desarrollo de la investigación se hicieron encuestas a la comunidad del municipio de Sopó con resultados de aceptación de abonos orgánicos utilizados en jardinería y cultivos. La intención es buscar en los habitantes que realicen su propio abono, teniendo en cuenta el uso de los desperdicios generados en las casas y los diferentes restaurantes que se hacen muy usuales por el turismo que ha venido desarrollando en fines de semana a visualizar los diferentes atractivos que tiene el municipio. Para el estudio se realiza de manera cualitativa y cuantitativa que ayudaron a generar la propuesta de utilizar abonos orgánicos y desarrollar hábitos en los habitantes.

El aprovechamiento de los residuos que se generen en casas, restaurantes ayudan a que en el medio ambiente disminuya la contaminación, el aumento de roedores; ayuda que se desarrollen nuevas ideas de negocio, y a que permita que se generen alimentos más naturales con menos químicos y más nutritivos para el ser humano.

La economía circular como eje del proceso productivo de tres empresas de café en el Quindío

Andrés Felipe Ramírez Duque — 2024-04-30

This article is part of Line 2: Technologies for the Habitat, Free Energies and Sustainable Development; it presents a summary of the implementation of the innovation promotion project led by the Center for Trade and Tourism, with the support of the Agroindustrial Center in the Quindío Region. The project focuses on the application of circular economy principles to address sustainability problems in the coffee production chain in three companies in Quindío. The challenges include addressing insufficient management of materials, energy inefficiency, inadequate waste management and lack of product development through a structured proposal for recycling, reuse and transformation of coffee by-products generated in these establishments.

The problem is related to the study of linear processes that reduce sustainability in the links of the coffee production chain in three companies in Quindío, associated with causes such as: material handling procedures that are far from circular economy parameters. This generates effects such as low income for owners and employees, high logistic costs in the productive chain, high dependence on traditional energies, high costs in energy bills, high level of waste in the management of resources associated with the inadequate management of solid waste, high losses due to unplanned purchases, which contribute to the low sustainability of the companies in the different links of the coffee productive chain.

The application of production models that are out of touch with environmental policies and the lack of knowledge of circular economy criteria in production chains contribute to the increase in climate change and the vulnerability of the planet. The need to optimize the use of resources and reduce environmental impact has motivated the implementation of strategies that favor the circularity of processes and the minimization of energy consumption. In this context, this project to promote innovation has

In this context, this innovation promotion project identified problems and proposed concrete solutions to improve energy management and sustainability in three partner companies of the coffee production chain in Quindío.

In the first phase, an analysis of three companies of the coffee chain was carried out in order to identify environmental problems. Local data and statistics are collected to support the methodology. Emphasis is placed on the systematization of experiences and the optimization of processes, from logistics to solid waste management. Process management is used to document and characterize key processes, starting with a diagnosis based on environmental assessment of waste, energy efficiencies and logistics management.

The second phase describes the methodology for developing prototypes that take advantage of the waste from the coffee production process, seeking to close the product cycle. Data is collected from the entire production process, from planting to preparation in coffee shops. Interviews are conducted with entrepreneurs to understand their needs and challenges in waste management and circular economy. Innovative products made from coffee waste are also reviewed.

The interest of the authors and executors of this project is to ensure that entrepreneurs achieve the best use of the factors mentioned: energy, waste, materials and logistics, through their reintegration into the economic, productive and ecological cycles, achieving that citizens and the productive sector through conscious, voluntary and technical actions reduce the impacts on the environment.

Producción de bloques de tierra comprimida BTC como alternativa en la construcción de vivienda rural sustentable en ell minicipio de Dosquebradas, Risaralda

Carol Vanessa Sabogal Vargas — 2024-04-30

. In this article, the production of compressed earth blocks composed of a mixture of volcanic ash, silt and clay, was proposed as an alternative for the construction of non-structural walls in sustainable rural housing in the municipality of Dosquebradas. The blocks produced allowed us to verify and obtain good mechanical resistance to compression, compared to conventional bricks, generating a sustainable construction alternative once the raw material was obtained from soil left over from excavation.

Fortalecimiento del aprendizaje significativo en ciberseguridad a través del simulador Hackend en el centro Biotecnológico del Caribe

Maira Alejandra Díaz Mejia — 2024-04-30

En el presente artículo, se exponen diferentes teorías y estrategias pedagógicas expuestas por diferentes autores, enfocadas al fortalecimiento del aprendizaje a través de herramientas tecnológicas mediadas por simuladores. El alcance del proyecto está limitado al Centro Biotecnológico del Caribe, perteneciente al Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje (SENA), regional Cesar; dirigido a una población de treinta y siete estudiantes, distribuidos en tres grupos de un mismo programa de formación. El objetivo principal fue desarrollar una estrategia para fortalecer el aprendizaje en ciberseguridad aprovechando el potencial del simulador Hackend en los aprendices del programa Tecnólogo en Análisis y Desarrollo de Sistema de Información. La metodología implementada fue desarrollada a partir de un estudio de carácter cualitativo, implementando un diseño investigación - acción, la cual permitió realizar una búsqueda exhaustiva a través de revistas científicas, textos y bases de datos académicas; pero también fue posible una interacción directa con los estudiantes en todo el proceso, gracias al uso del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas y el modelo pedagógico del SENA, el cual está orientado a la Formación Profesional Integral (FPI). El trabajo concluye que, las estrategias tecnológicas mediadas por simuladores, sirven de apoyo al fortalecimiento del aprendizaje en ciberseguridad de manera significativa y aprovechan de forma eficiente su potencial dentro del aula alincorporarse dentro de un buen ambiente de aprendizaje.

IMPLEMENTATION OF EFFECTIVE CUTTING STRATEGIES IN HIGH SPEED MACHINING FOR MID-RANGE CNC MACHINES

Angel Andres Vasquez Ospina — 2024-04-30

This work addresses a comparative analysis through experimental observation between conventional machining strategies and high-speed machining strategies, specifically truncal machining. For this, SENA CDITI acquired hydraulic assembly devices for parts, tools and the project team designed a test part, which was machined in 1045 steel and 7075 duralumin material using the two machining strategies to be compared. During the process, variables such as energy consumption, machining time and metrological deviation were measured, to finally perform data analysis and present results with an assessment of the possible advantages and disadvantages of using truncal machining versus conventional machining.

Strengthening archival culture for the conservation of documentary heritage in public companies in the Metropolitan Area of Pereira

Olga Liliana Mejía Medina — 2024-04-30

This article arises as a product of the research project that was formulated and executed in 2022, with apprentices and instructors from the Technologist training program in Document Management of SENA, Regional Center of Commerce and Services; with the objective of investigating and knowing the current situation of some public and private companies with public functions, especially in everything related to compliance with the document management regulations of the General Archive of the Nation of Colombia and the application of the different archival instruments .

In this process, a qualitative methodology was applied and various information gathering techniques were used, such as: semi-structured interviews, visits to companies and, finally, a Technological Dissemination Event was held to strengthen and sensitize the attendees sent from the different companies and general public, about the importance of ensuring adequate document management in entities. The result of this work reflects the lack of archival awareness in this Region, taking into account that of 74 companies to which the interview was applied, very few have an archival culture. The awareness training was attended by 230 people connected through the Meet platform and 100 people in person. Certifying 282 people.