Revista MODUM

MODUM Edición 3 - I+D+i Piensa diferente, crea en grande

2022-02-02T11:02:36-05:00

El presente volumen recopila diferentes iniciativas de I+D+i desarrolladas por investigadores y semilleros tanto del SENA como de otras instituciones, así como revisiones bibliográficas, en torno a temas como: biotecnología, ciencia de datos y seguridad de la información, electrónica, automatización y control de procesos, gestión empresarial y educación.

La revista MODUM continúa fortaleciendo su proceso editorial, promoviendo estrategias de evaluación que apunten a mejorar cada vez más la calidad de las publicaciones. En este número contamos con un amplio y multidisciplinar grupo de pares académicos como parte del comité científico, para garantizar una buena evaluación de los artículos recibidos. Agradecemos a los pares evaluadores por sus críticas constructivas y sugerencias a los autores.

Agradecemos a los autores de cada uno de los artículos aquí presentados y esperamos que puedan seguir aportando a esta gran iniciativa, para continuar contribuyendo con la apropiación y la divulgación social del conocimiento científico como una responsabilidad y un compromiso de todo investigador, aportando al mejoramiento de la calidad en la formación, la investigación y la industria del país.

A nuestros lectores esperamos que este nuevo número les sirva como una herramienta que les permita identificar insumos para sus actuales y futuras investigaciones y para el desarrollo de nuevos conocimientos.

NATHALIA MARÍN PAREJA, PhD

Editora

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF NATIVE BACTERIA FROM TILAPIAS (Oreochromis niloticus) WITH POTENTIAL PROBIOTIC USE FOR THE FARMING AND RAISING OF SPECIES OF AQUACULTURE INTEREST

2022-02-11T16:30:39-05:00

In this work, we sought to potentiate the use of native bacteria from microbiological isolates of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus as a probiotic supplement to reduce economic losses caused by high mortality due to the presence of infectious, fungal and viral agents. For this, the organs were selected: gills, intestines, gonads and liver to obtain microorganisms, initially direct smears and serial solutions from 10-1 to 10-6 that were seeded in Tryptone-Soy Agar (TSA) and Man, Rogosa and Sharpe Agar (MRS). The selected gills and intestines as organs for the isolation of potentially probiotic bacteria. Once the bacteria were seeded, isolated and purified by their physical characteristics such as colony shape, color and margin, the biological (Gram stain) and biochemical characterization was carried out, through the catalase test and the API E 20 prefabricated tests. Of the 82 isolates, 32 strains were preselected autochthonous bacteria compatible with the genus Lactobacillus and Enterococcus from the intestine and gills of tilapia O. niloticus, being consistent with the fact that the abundance in the autochthonous morphotypes of O. niloticus is closely related to the extracellular products normally generated in their metabolism To evaluate the inhibitory capacity, carried out the cross-linking test against the pathogens Aeromonas hydrophila and Yersinia ruckeri, likewise, the antibiogram against antibiotics widely used in the aquaculture industry, such as oxytetracycline, erythromycin, oxolinic acid, amoxicillin and florfenicol, of which five strains showed sensitivity against five antibiotics for use in aquaculture. On the other hand, some bacteria belonging to the autochthonous microbiota of O.niloticus, isolated mainly from intestines, have the ability to inhibit pathogenic bacteria such as Aeromonas hydrophila and Yersinia ruckeri with inhibition halos greater than v6mm.

EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND ON THE SOLUBILITY OF ORGANIC SUBSTRATES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOGAS. A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REVIEW

2022-02-11T16:17:57-05:00

Ultrasound pretreatment is a technology that has been used in recent times to condition and optimize processes biological given its potential to solubilize organic substrates. This study aimed to compare the solubility of different organic substrates applying an ultrasound pretreatment to favor the stage of hydrolysis in the anaerobic digestion process, using as methodology of I work the systematic review of literature in different databases such as ScienceDirect and SpringerLink. The sonification parameters, the impact caused in each substrate and the biogas production were analyzed. It is shown how the pretreatment with ultrasound improves the efficiency in the solubilization of different substrates, in frequency ranges between 20-40 kHz, as well as mesophilic temperatures help to optimize biogas production, and substrates such as organic waste and sludgeof WWTPs are the substrates with the highest performance due to their high solids content volatile

IDENTIFICATION OF POST-HARVEST TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR EFFECT ON LIFE USEFUL IN PASSIONFLOWER FRUITS.

2022-02-11T16:12:11-05:00

Passionflowers are part of a richness at an economic, nutritional and genetic, which have sedative, antispasmodic and antibacterial properties, and Colombia is a country with a diversity of these species. To guarantee the use of these fruits, through the objective of this study, the use of different post-harvest technologies and their effect are identified.on shelf life in fruits of the passionflower genus. This is an investigation of the type documentary in which secondary and tertiary sources were reviewed; a technological surveillance was applied as a methodological strategy and the Vantage Point software was used to organize the information. In addition, 37 publications worldwide on postharvest technologies applied to passionflower fruits were identified, determining the effects on the useful life of the fruits after the application of these technologies, among those found are packaging, chemical preservatives, coatings, systems of refrigeration, application of essential oils, hydrothermal treatments and management of ambient temperature, being the packaging technology the most studied, due to the low cost it takes to implement this technology in the industry. The main passionflower fruits studied were passion fruit, gulupa and granadilla. The results of the study allowed to know the main technologies used for the conservation of passionflowers, as well as the participation of Colombia in the issue of research, being below countries such as Brazil, Kenya, Japan and Spain.

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF REGRESSION ALGORITHMS USING SCIKIT-LEARN.

2022-02-11T16:01:26-05:00

Machine learning and deep learning are currently áreas of extremely active research, since they allow projections and estimates of variables based on historical data and the execution of mathematical algorithms; These algorithms are specialized to performregressions, classification, prediction or other applications where they are used large volumes of data and decisions with a high margin of precision are required [1]. The large amount of data available today provides great opportunities and the transformative potential of different sectors such as medicine, banking, engineering, sports, among others; but they also present great challenges in the use information, since a poor or erroneous analysis of the data leads to to wrong decision making. As data grows, learning deep takes a leading role in the analysis and solution of problems with a high degree of complexity that in a natural environment are not easy to solve because they present nuances that only with the use of deep learning algorithms can be observed. [two]. Improvements in computational power, large volumes of information, fast data storage and parallelization have contributed to the analysis and prediction of Big Data in areas such as price prediction, análisis of medical images, traffic control and even the study of the performance of the football team, among many others. With all of the above, an idea of the current importance of this area of science is given and how pertinent it is to work on this topic

ANALYSIS OF RISKS AND VULNERABILITIES OF COMPUTER SECURITY APPLYING ORIENTATED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES TO INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION.

2022-02-11T15:52:22-05:00

Computer security has been presented as a primary instrument when safeguarding the most important asset in current organizations such as data and information, due to its value within proper knowledge management. In this sense, the institutions of higher education must responsibly handle the information of the actors that interrelate in it, such as students, teachers and administrative staff. The main objective of this article is to present a documentary research carried out to explore the deficiencies, risks and vulnerabilities in computer security that different organizations have, especially higher education institutions. This research work is framed within the epistemic current of positivism, applying the hypothetical-deductive method, with qualitative approach, aimed at developing an exploratory research work that proposes to address the situation on methods, techniques and strategies used for the identification of vulnerabilities and computer risks as a pillar cross-cutting scope of any organization, not only in the areas of technology but also in administrative areas. It was possible to show, thanks to the documentary analysis, that computer security must be taken into account in higher education institutions both to safeguard information concerning the operation of this, as to make your community aware of the proper handling of personal information that results in an adequate digital culture, and for this you can use different strategies, including artificial intelligence techniques to identify threats or characterize vulnerabilities.

REGULATORY BACKGROUND AND ICT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT TOOLS: A LOOK FROM THE LITERATURE

2022-02-11T15:20:02-05:00

Caring for the environment has become highly relevant in recent times at the international, national and local levels, as a result of the great ecological problems that are becoming increasingly acute and progressively deteriorate the planet. In this sense, talking about environmental sustainability in the framework of the United Nations 2030 Agenda, implies the reduction damage to the environment, also, the role of natural resources and services ecosystems on human well-being, economic opportunity and resilience social and ecological. For this reason, the sustainable development goals (SDGs) have in order to work on the great challenges that humanity faces to ensure that all people have the same opportunities and can lead a better life without compromising our planet. Likewise, the National Service of Learning SENA has developed different strategies aimed at contributing, as an institution, to the environmental sustainability of the training centers and the community that surrounds them, thus contributing with solutions to the environmental quality of the region through the development of an integrated system that allows contributing to the mitigation and compensation of environmental damage that have been occurring. This article outlines a look from the review of literature in primary and secondary sources to know and understand the main regulations that regulate environmental issues, those organizations that are references in matter and the main findings of ICT-mediated tools, which seek to contribute to the measurement, mitigation and environmental impact. As of this review, It is intended to define the criteria and parameters for the development of a prototype that allows the Central Complex of the Antioquia Region to carry out an adequate control and registration of its environmental indicators in order to propose strategies with a high environmental impact.

DEVELOPMENT OF A SEMI-AUTOMATIC ENVIRONMENT FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING OF PRODUCTION CONCEPTS APPLIED TO THE APPAREL INDUSTRY

2022-02-11T15:13:20-05:00

This article presents the result of a research project whose objective was the design, development and implementation of a semi-automated environment for teaching and learning production processes in confection, formed with the use of a conveyor belt with discrete movements controlled by PLC, buttons at each station and software SCADA supervision. The environment allows Sena apprentices to be taught clothing, with a greater appropriation of concepts and useful manufacturing techniques slender, in a practical, playful and didactic way. The environment serves as a laboratory and is a reference as a production model for the clothing industry in Medellin. This model breaks paradigms of the use of automation in a sector in which productivity and quality depend largely on the ability of the operator, and in which the product reference changes are continuous due to in fashion.

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN EGGS INCUBATOR PROTOTYPE OF POULTRY AS A RESEARCH PROJECT IN THE TOLIMA NODE TECNOACADEMY EXTENSION

2022-02-11T15:08:34-05:00

The seedbed group of the Extension of the Tecnoacademia Nodo Tolima carried out the design and construction of an automatic artificial incubation system on a small scale, which guarantees optimal conditions for the development of the embryo, through the control of environmental variables. The expected result with the implementation of the prototype is to obtain a representative increase in the efficiency of the incubation process, that is, in the number of successful hatches obtained. Initially, the artificial incubation cycle is explored of poultry eggs, starting from the natural process, where they are identified and they establish the physical variables, the conditions and the relevant aspects of each phase. During the experimentation and testing phase of the device, it was possible to establish a average efficiency of 57.68% in the incubation process, very low for the expectations that had been raised. During the analysis of the results, the causes of low hatch rates and the improvements that should be implemented when prototype to increase efficiency in the process

DEVELOPMENT OF A SOFTWARE FOR AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF MONITORING AND BOVINE CONTROL THROUGH TRACKING DEVICES AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES.

2022-02-11T14:58:49-05:00

According to the Cattle Census in Colombia, carried out by the Colombian Agricultural Institute- ICA (2021), the bovine population is distributed in 633,408 farms and totals 27,973,390 animals. Of the 633,408 properties in the country, Boyacá has 14.0% destined for cattle [1], a percentage that offers a great opportunity for the development of technologies that can impact on an improvement of its management and production, this is how the idea of implementing an integrated bovine monitoring and control system arises through the articulation of software development, tracking devices and telecommunications technologies. The development consists of the creation of a mobile application-type software that managesbovine vaccination cycles, allowing information to be stored and processed, thus contributing to increasing the competitiveness of ranchers in the department of Boyacá by preventing diseases and improving immunity to the same In addition, the system allows the monitoring of cattle through GPS location devices, located in each cattle, which send the information using the GSM network, this gives the farmer the possibility of identifying conditions escape or theft of bovines. The methodology implemented for the development of the project is raised in the following stages: 1. Search and analysis of information, 2. Know the opinion of the livestock producers, 3. Design and development of the application. The software contributes to the farmer in the implementation of good farming practices by allowing the administration of the bovine inventory, management of vaccination, access to information on diseases, knowing the delimitation of the property and generating reports of each one of the bovines, allowing timely and pertinent decision-making in eventualities.

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE DESCHOOLIZED TRAINING STRATEGY OF THE EXTENSION OF THE TECHNOACADEMY FOR THE DISSEMINATION OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE RURAL AREA OF THE TOLIMA DEPARTMENT

2022-02-11T14:41:41-05:00

The mission of the extension of the Tecnoacademia is the dissemination of knowledge in science and technology in the rural areas of the department, with the purpose of reducing the gap of technological inequality between the countryside and city. For this, training programs are carried out that allow rural apprentices to develop research projects training, applied to the automation of agro-industrial processes, implementing industry 4.0 techniques and in coordination with the productive sector. This program of training that will be a case study, was executed in 2020 with young people of the municipalities of the department of Tolima, specifically in 16 municipalities inwhich projects were developed that provided solutions to local problems. The study illustrated in this article was applied to the municipalities of Anzoátegui and Ortega, and their results showed a great interest in the participation, execution and continuity of said projects and commit the apprentices to the training constant in emerging technologies, to be applied in agro-industrial processes that support the economic development of the region.

DIGITAL ILLUSTRATION AS A TOOL FOR USETHE TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS IN THE FORMULATION OF PROJECTS

2022-02-11T14:32:26-05:00

In Colombia, the National Learning Service - SENA, promotes research, technological development and innovation (R+D+i) in the productive and academic sector, using the financing of projects as one of the strategies to accomplish your mission. However, there has been evidence deficiency in the structuring and formulation of projects that are presented to the entity, which leads to unfavorable results, in the sense that succeeds in conveying the goal. The work presented in this document arises from the interest to take advantage of the potential offered by digital illustration to support the teaching-learning process, in this particular case, the formulation of innovation projects. To meet the objective, a multimedia platform guided by two characters, who seek to teach users to structure projects under the logical framework methodology. In the process, the basic requirements for the formulation of an R&D&I project were defined, and the following question was raised: How is the digital illustration in the teaching of innovative-based project formulation? The final platform contains introductory and explanatory videos, presented by two avatars that interact with the user.

INFLUENCE OF TIK TOK ON GENERATION Z IN THE EDUCATIONAL AND WORK FIELD.

2022-02-11T14:20:55-05:00

Social media has a powerful influence on behavior human, and today, they are part of everyday life, especially in that of young people, who frequently interact in them. These young, they belong mostly to Generation Z or Centennials, who were born with the digital age, are dependent on smartphones, have no interest in taking formal studies and their reading habit is mainly focused on short social media posts. Considering the influence that TikTok exercises in this population group, you wonder: Do social networks, especially TikTok, generate influence on generation Z, both in the educational field and labor? Consequently, a qualitative research of an interpretive type is carried out, based on the analysis of the results obtained in a survey applied to a representative sample of centennials, who expressed the impact they generate social networks, especially TikTok in making decisions regarding the referral educational and work environment.

CYBER ATTACKS THAT YOUNG PEOPLE CAN SUFFER IN SOCIAL NETWORKS

2022-02-11T13:36:38-05:00

With the arrival of the pandemic generated by Covid 19, the use of social networksSocial media has warned considerably, especially in young people, which has caused a constant increase in attacks by making use of these virtual spaces. The consequences of online bullyingare disastrous, since there is a low culture of prevention in these contexts and, in addition, there is a lack of knowledge in the individualization of these behaviors. In this documentary research article, the main attacks are characterized in social networks, such as sextortion, grooming, doxing, happy slapping, trolling, flaming and cyberstalking, and reference is made to the main practices used to minimize these risks in social networks by young people, as the main victims of this scourge. The research is supported by different articles from specialized magazines. and reports from official entities, both national and international.

ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF VIRTUAL BANKING APPLIED TO EMPLOYEES OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEX FOR THE AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT - SENA – CAUCASIA.

2022-02-11T13:21:01-05:00

Virtual Banking in Colombia has had a challenge that consists of achieving that bank users adapt to carry out their transactions through the digital channels developed by them; this, in order to improve the quality of the service, avoiding congestion in the physical offices and, in turn, time, optimizing care costs. The pandemic caused by COVID 19 has become a digital challenge for world society, this health crisis forced people to fit into the digital world to continue carrying out their daily activities without exposed to health difficulties, for the banks this situation was presented as a opportunity for their clients to implement the use of virtual channels to perform your usual transactions. This article analyzes the degree of use that virtual banking has in the midst of the health crisis, the study includes the working population of the Center for Agro-business Management SENA (CTPGA) of the municipality of Caucasia - Antioquia, Colombia. During this mixed qualitative research and quantitative, the population studied demonstrated the use of virtual channels to carry out transactions such as utility payments, transfers between accounts, as well asthe purchase of items through different platforms, it is also noteworthy that a minority of the population studied, equivalent to 7.6%, is resistant to these changes and he still distrusts the use of these digital channels to carry out his transactions.

HOW TO AVOID CYBER ATTACKS IN COLOMBIAN MIPYMES??

2022-02-11T12:38:53-05:00

In this document review article, a little-known issue is addressed but unfortunately quite common, even more so in the contingency due to the Covid 19, and it is related to cyber attacks, which are presented mostly in micro, small and medium-sized companies, since attackers take advantage of the few security systems that these entities manage and their few preventive measures. Hence, this article addresses the importance of implementing security systems in Colombian MSMEs, starting from two fundamental themes, the first of them, the characterization of the main cyberattacks that occur in this segment of companies, and the second, the preventive measures that are necessary to adopt to avoid these cyberattacks in a timely manner.