Revista Competitividad e Innovación

POSCOSECHA EN COLOMBIA: TENDENCIAS Y EXPANSIÓN GLOBAL

2020-04-02T11:05:59-05:00

Postharvest is the conservation of the shelf life of fresh fruits and vegetables; supported by a country's ability to guarantee access to food for all citizens through methods that minimize losses. This research work illustrates about the potential shown by studies in the management of postharvest fruit and vegetables and the high incidence in research, innovation and technological development of the production, academic and business units. Studies in science and technology guide the efforts in fresh horticultural products, safe, nutritious and innocuous to the final consumer, additionally focused on finding methodologies to improve maturation, size, resistance to handling, tolerance to pests and diseases, aiming to increase per capita consumption. The focus is on new packaging, controlled and modified atmosphere chambers leading to more resistant products to physiological stress, bioinformation, bioregulators and / or bio-stimulants.

EVALUACIÓN DE ENSAYOS DE PROPAGACIÓN DE Genipa americana L. PARA ALTERNATIVAS DE REFORESTACIÓN EN LA AMAZORINOQUÍA COLOMBIANA

2020-04-01T11:44:41-05:00

El caruto (Genipa americana L.) es una especie de la familia Rubiaceae, tiene un gran valor alimenticio, medicinal, industrial y ecológico; su fruto es demandado para la extracción del colorante natural de la gama del azul y el morado generado por el componente Genipina; compuesto Bioactivo del fruto de G. americana, además esta especie se desarrolla en diferentes tipos de suelo y ha sido utilizada como especie promisora en la recuperación de áreas degradas. G. americana L. presenta un gran potencial como especie forestal para realizar iniciativas de reforestación a nivel regional en el departamento del Guaviare debido a que es una región muy afectada por la deforestación con fines exclusivos como la ganadería y el establecimiento de cultivos ilícitos. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar el método de propagación más viable y eficiente que permita la multiplicación, reforestación y aprovechamiento sostenible de la especie. Se realizaron ensayos con semillas y estacas, en tres sustratos tierra aserrín y turba canadiense; aplicando un protocolo biotecnológico donde se usa el ácido giberélico. Mediante un análisis de varianza multifactorial, los resultados evidenciaron en la interacción aserrín con de protocolo biotecnológico con el 71% de germinación; seguido de la interacción aserrín - semilla con el 53% y aserrín - estaca con 47%; resaltando esta última interacción que, aunque halla reportado un porcentaje menor se consideró que la propagación por estaca es el método más viable y efectivo para la reforestación y aprovechamiento de la especie al permitir la clonación y conservar características idénticas a la planta madre.

BIOPOTENCIALIZACION NUTRICIONAL EN LA PRODUCCION AGRICOLA

2020-04-02T11:11:45-05:00

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that the development of bio-potentialized products grown in controlled environments, in order to achieve fruits with higher quality of nutrients for the consumers of the sub-urban areas, is an effective method in the improvement of the nutritive quality of agricultural products, decreasing the amount in the diet and increasing the concentrations of nutrients in each fruit, optimizing the nutritional requirements of the human being for the proper functioning of the organism. Through the duality in the application of micro / macro nutrients from the synthesis of active ingredients obtained from plants and the determination of the additive synthesis protocol, the modification in the plant development cycle is obtained, to fix and potentiate the nutritional quality in the fruit The additive synthesis modifies the phases of the development cycle of the plant, allowing in the additional times obtained, to add the nutrients according to the bio-potentialization requirements in the fruit, until achieving the desired characteristics. To ensure the quality of the process and maintain the optimum conditions of the crop, intelligent agriculture technology is used, implementing the control system of variables and records in real time, the conditions and requirements of controlled atmosphere and the vital needs in the support of the plant. Once the fructification phase has started, the system provides the potential nutrients according to the established program, to achieve the objective in the product.

EVALUACION FISICOQUIMICA Y MICROBIOLOGICA DEL AGUA DEL CAÑO CORDOBA DEL MUNICIPIO DE ARAUCA

2020-04-02T11:13:09-05:00

The presence of contaminants in water bodies is one of the biggest problems that occur in our natural environment. In this research the quality of the residual water of the Cordoba canal of the municipality of Arauca was analyzed, with the objective of evaluating its microbiological and physicochemical characteristics; laboratory tests were carried out, determining the pH parameters, total suspended solids, sedimentable solids , DBO, DQO5, total coliormes and E, coli. Results show that physicochemically the values are within the levels allowed by the legislation that regulate these aspects for wastewater. It also shows that the water is highly contaminated with biological material and is not suitable for human consumption.

OBTENCIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE HARINA DE ARROZ PARA USO EN PRODUCTOS DE PASTELERÍA SIN GLÚTEN

2020-04-02T11:14:31-05:00

In the process of threshed rice obtained between 4 and 16% of broken grains, which are used for the brewing industry, pastes and feed. To generate an added value broken grain rice flour was developed for use in bakery products. This requires a methodology that allowed obtaining flour by the process of moisturization and conditioning grain, followed by a grinding process and subsequent drying to a moisture content of 14.47% was applied.

Further,HE andlabored different prototypes, varying formulations the content of rice flour and wheat flour. Five products were made in relation
50% -50% to 100% rice flour, being the most sensory preference the sample with 100% rice flour applying organoleptic evaluation attributes for color, odor, flavor and consistency. In conclusion, it is determined that the rice flour can be used as raw material for products free biscuits and pastry glúten generating a great alternative for food processing processes in a market of celiacs.

EVALUACIÓN DEL USO POTENCIAL DE LOS RESIDUOS EN EL PROCESO DE BIODIGESTIÓN ANAERÓBICA PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN DE BIOGÁS.

2020-04-02T10:29:16-05:00

Research on the obtaining of renewable energies has been oriented to the search of new sources of raw material, that allow to obtain energy in a safe, efficient and economic way. According to the above, the objective of this work was to evaluate waste for anaerobic biodigestion processes in the production of biogas. Three substrates were physicochemically characterized as possible inputs in the digestion and co-digestion process: Substrate 1 porcine manure Substrate 2 kitchen waste and Substrate 3: Mixture of substrate 1 and substrate 2. The results obtained showed that the total solids for the manure are in the optimum range for Biodigestion processes (15% and 49%) with a value of 33.22%, kitchen waste could present a higher methane production and results of volatile solids, which are 91% , 96%, 75.89% and 70.35%, for the substrates of kitchen waste, manure and mixture respectively.

CÓMO PROMOVER LA INVESTIGACIÓN E INNOVACIÓN CIENTÍFICA DESDE EL MODELO APOYO PEDAGÓGICO DE LA COORDINACIÓN DE ECONOMÍA DEL CENTRO DE SERVICIOS FINANCIERO SENA

2020-04-02T11:31:07-05:00

The following article is oriented to the description of the process to lead and motivate students of the Financial Services Center (CSF) SENA, towards scientific research and technological innovation through productive projects of social, environmental and knowledge nature. the reality that surrounds them with respect to their financial training area. The Pedagogical Project Support (PPP) strategy model is proposed, which will allow achieving the expected result, to motivate the student to start with genuine commitment, a scientific research either aimed at broadening their knowledge about their field of education or directed towards entrepreneurship whose indispensable component is innovation. The model of the structure of a consulting unit that seeks to facilitate students' learning research environments is proposed.

SISTEMA DE CONTROL DE UNA SILLA DE RUEDAS ELÉCTRICA POR MEDIO DE COMANDOS DE VOZ

2020-04-02T11:30:23-05:00

This project describes the implementation of a control system for an electric wheelchair by means of voice commands for the displacement of people with motor disabilities, who can not move autonomously. In Colombia, the mechanisms that help to supply this need are expensive, that's why the use of new technologies is important, therefore, this system has an adaptation that activates the joystick of the wheelchair by means of connected servomotors to an Arduino Uno board, which receives commands to perform the movement, from a voice recognition board. The tests carried out contemplated an initial phase of explanation of the voice and training commands in which the person mentioned the action "move forward" and saw the movement of the control, later it was positioned in the chair to achieve the displacement of in flat areas of the center of training.

SISTEMA DE ADQUISICIÓN Y ENVÍO DE LOS PARÁMETROS VENTILATORIOS DEL VENTILADOR PURITAN BENNETT 840

2020-04-02T11:44:48-05:00

This project presents the development of a monitoring system of ventilatory parameters obtained from the Puritan Benett 840 ventilator, which provides a tool for the sending and storage of ventilatory data, necessary for the specialist doctor in the daily evaluation of ventilatory parameters, in order to start the weaning protocol. Initially, the ventilator was configured for him to send data to the wifi module, which implements the concept of the internet of things in health, later tests were carried out in the different teams of the intensive care unit of the international clinic Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander Carlos Ardila Lulle (FOSCAL), to which a test lung was connected to simulate a ventilated patient. Additionally, a clinical and technical user interface was created to visualize the ventilatory parameters during the ventilatory weaning process.

IDENTIFICACIÓN DE DEFICIENCIAS NUTRICIONALES EN EL CACAO USANDO ANÁLISIS DE IMÁGENES

2020-04-02T11:51:21-05:00

The production and productivity of cocoa is an economic opportunity and a social necessity in Santander, Colombia. In order to make effective decisions, identify and classify the type and nutritional characteristics of the crop, the economic and environmental needs of the province must be taken into account. The distribution of the crop and the identification of the characteristics of the plant, were analyzed by acquiring images of their leaves, these were processed by computational techniques that involve the identification of characteristics through the digital processing of images in the Agricultural Service Center of the SIGN. The software allows an adequate identification in the nutritional deficiencies of the plant (nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, sulfur) in the different images. In this work, a segmentation and identification algorithm were developed through the use of MatLab's image processing tool, which classifies the pigmentations present in crops.

IMPORTANCIA DE LOS CONSULTORIOS EN ASESORÍAS TÉCNICAS Y ADMINISTRATIVAS EN LAS INSTITUCIONES DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR

2020-04-02T12:00:28-05:00

The main objective of this research is to identify the importance and feasibility of business consulting models in higher education. A mixed documentary research is carried out in which other similar models and time line investigations are analyzed. The constructivist theory is also analyzed as a pedagogical model based on learning, using as a strategy laboratories and business practices, which yields a first hypothesis of including these theories as guarantors of an apprehension of knowledge in a real context and as a first approach application of surveys of the perception of the productive sector to microentrepreneurs in the town of Suba in front of these consulting models. The main result was the research in the research and the confidence in a large percentage of the microentrepreneurs when they were advised by students and teachers in the business offices of higher education. Another important result obtained was that microentrepreneurs are willing to pay for these consultancies, which makes this a medium-term model of the sea that is self-sustaining. Finally, it was possible to know the most important areas regarding the perspective of the entrepreneurs, take into account for the taking of consultancies and strengthening the knowledge of them.

VENTAJAS Y DESVENTAJAS DE LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DEL TELETRABAJO, REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA

2020-04-02T12:16:41-05:00

Teleworking is a new work system, which allows work activities from a different point to the facilities of the company or employer, usually from home. Has great advantages for workers, companies and cities where it is implemented; but it also has disadvantages which must be counteracted by action plans in order to take full advantage of these new tools in the labor field and not to generate new risks for workers.

Objective: Systematic review of literature that identifies the advantages and disadvantages of teleworking in general and its applicability in the colombian work environment.

Materials and methods: A review of the literature Cochrane, CRAI, Emerald, Medlineproquest, Psicodoc, Pubmed, Sage, Scielo, Science Direct, from 2000 to 2017.

Results: Contradictory evidence was found regarding the advantages and disadvantages of teleworking, but the advantages prevail from different fields.

Conclusion: It is a tool that can be implemented in different countries and can be positive for the worker from the psychosocial point of view and for the cities from the environmental and mobility point of view; but it needs to have clear policies for its correct performance.

IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN SISTEMA AUTOMATIZADO PARA UN INVERNADERO

2020-04-02T12:21:28-05:00

Se han observado las repercusiones del calentamiento global sobre el territorio Colombiano. Dejando zonas donde anteriormente eran ricas en flora totalmente desérticas. Alterándose valores fundamentales para el crecimiento de plantas tales como la humedad, la temperatura y las altas cargas de minerales, por tal motivo se vuelve casi imposible la producción de ciertos alimentos naturales.
Se plantea generar cambios en los sistemas de invernaderos actuales para demostrar que la tecnología y la agronomía pueden trabajar conjuntas para lograr un producto de calidad de exportación, reducir los costos de los productos. Además, se desea demostrar a la industria como al consumidor que la región ya no es un impedimento para obtener el producto deseado.

Editorial

2020-04-01T10:53:52-05:00