Sistema de monitoreo de variables esenciales en una colmena de Abejas Melíferas

Abstract

At present, the process of collecting honey and its derivatives is carried out in an empirical way, based on the experiences acquired and transferred from generation to generation. The hives and their population develop in an unsupervised way, causing in many situations not knowing the state of the apiary, this means the behavior of some essential variables, which allow the normal development of the production. Such information includes the temperature, the concentration of carbon dioxide, the number of bees that daily inhabit the hive, the specific weight and its variation as an indicator of the honey produced and also the one consumed by the inhabitants of the hive to maintain the temperature of this; Another important factor to take into account is the security of the hive, that is, not to allow the opening of this for the theft of honey or the transfer from one place to another. All this information, of great importance for the producer, can be available in an online application on a mobile device or in a datalogic for later analysis and management. This article shows the implementation of a low-cost system that monitors bee health and production, while maintaining autonomous and functional monitoring accessible to beekeepers. The system allows online monitoring of variables such as temperature, humidity, indoor and outdoor CO2 concentration, and weight. The measurement data of these variables are sent via SMS when the beekeeper requires it or when the hive is in danger. The autonomy of operation of the prototype is achieved through the implementation of solar panels and their corresponding adaptation.