Palabras clave
reverse logistics
mathematical model
optimization
medical waste desechos sanitarios
logística inversa
modelo matemático
optimización
residuos médicos
Cómo citar
Resumen
La logística inversa ha surgido como una
práctica que responde a la necesidad creciente
de mejorar la manera en que se gestionan los
residuos generados en distintas industrias, ya sea
por motivos económicos, ambientales o legales.
En el caso de los residuos médicos se debe tener
particular cuidado debido a su naturaleza peligrosa,
por lo que una gestión adecuada de este tipo
de residuos no solamente tiene implicaciones
económicas y ambientales, sino también de
seguridad. El presente artículo desarrolla una
revisión literaria para identificar y sintetizar las
principales soluciones propuestas en los procesos
de logística inversa relacionada a este tipo de
desechos, así como los modelos matemáticos
propuestos y sus principales consideraciones.
La revisión mostró un aumento en
la publicación de artículos sobre este tema
después de la pandemia de COVID-19 y se
identificó que la Programación Lineal Entera
Mixta (MILP, por sus siglas en inglés) es la
técnica predominante para abordar la creación
de redes de logística inversa en este ámbito,
el cual requiere una planificación óptima para
recolectar, separar, tratar, reciclar y desechar
residuos médicos.
Citas
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