Effect of the application of Trichoderma spp under in vitro conditions on the plant development of maize seeds (Zea mays).

Abstract

Thichoderma spp is considered a biocontrol agent of pathogens active in the soil and bio stimulator of vegetable plants; however, one of the main problems is the lack of knowledge about the microbial community present in soils and about its potential for the elaboration of biofertilizers. An experiment was carried out under In vitro conditions, with the aim of evaluating the effect of Trichoderma spp on the percentage of germination and, as a plant growth promoter of corn (Zea mays L), seeds of corn variety ICA V305 were selected; suspensions of 103 and 105 conidia/mL and control treatment were established. The germination percentage was evaluated for three days, given the germination potential; then, the germinated seeds were transplanted into pots, using 200 grams of soil, and were observed periodically for 15 days. Plant growth data were recorded, including root length (LR), stem
length (LT), stem base thickness (GBT), wet and dry weight (PFT). Based on the foregoing, the treatment of the 105 conidia/mL suspension showed the greatest effect on stem thickness with mean (2.78 mm), number of true leaves (3.83), and total fresh weight (2.61 gr). However, the variable of germination percentage did not present statistically significant differences, but it is evidenced that the concentration of 105 conidia/mL may accelerate germination; thus, the morphological characteristics of the corn seed improve and it is observed that the genus Trichoderma spp. has potential characteristics for the elaboration of biofertilizers.